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SGOT and SGPT are two liver enzymes commonly tested to assess liver function. Levels of these enzymes in the blood can increase if there is damage or disturbance to liver cells. Learn more about SGOT and SGPT tests, the causes of high results, and other important aspects related to these tests.

What is SGOT?

SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase), now more commonly known as AST (Aspartate Aminotransferase), is an enzyme found in various body tissues, primarily in the liver, heart, skeletal muscles, kidneys, and brain. 

This enzyme plays a role in amino acid metabolism. When liver cells or other organs containing SGOT are damaged, this enzyme is released into the bloodstream, causing an increase in its levels.

What is SGPT?

SGPT (Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase), or ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase), is an enzyme found predominantly in liver cells. 

Unlike SGOT, which is also found in other organs, SGPT is more specific to liver conditions. Therefore, an increase in SGPT levels generally reflects liver damage or dysfunction more than SGOT.

Causes of Elevated SGOT and SGPT Levels

Several conditions that can cause an increase in SGOT and SGPT levels include:

  • Hepatitis viruses A, B, and C
  • Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
  • Alcoholic liver disease
  • Liver cirrhosis
  • Hepatotoxic medications
  • Autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis
  • Biliary tract obstruction
  • Muscle injury (particularly affects SGOT)
  • Myocardial infarction (heart attack)

It’s important to remember that a mild increase in SGOT and SGPT does not always indicate a serious liver disease. However, significant or persistent increases should be further evaluated by a doctor.

SGOT and SGPT Testing Procedures

SGOT and SGPT tests are conducted through a relatively simple blood test. Here are the general steps involved:

1. Patient Preparation

Patients are required to fast for 8-12 hours before the blood sample is taken to ensure accurate results.

2. Blood Sample Collection

Laboratory personnel will draw blood from a vein, typically located in the inner elbow or back of the hand. The sample area will be cleaned with an antiseptic beforehand.

3. Laboratory Process

The blood sample is then processed in the laboratory using a spectrophotometry method. Special reagents are added to the blood sample to measure the activity of the SGOT and SGPT enzymes.

4. Result Analysis

The results are usually ready in a few hours to a few days, depending on the lab’s resources and the number of samples waiting to be tested.

Several factors can influence test results, including alcohol use, specific medications, and intense exercise before the test. Patients should inform their doctor about any medications and health conditions before the blood test.

Normal SGOT and SGPT Levels

The normal values of SGOT and SGPT can vary depending on the laboratory, the gender, and age of the patient. However, the general normal range is as follows:

  • SGOT (AST): 8-48 units per liter (U/L)
  • SGPT (ALT): 7-55 units per liter (U/L)

It’s important to remember that these “normal” values are just general guidelines. Reference ranges may vary slightly between different laboratories. Additionally, factors such as age, gender, body weight, and medical history can also influence the interpretation of results.

It is crucial to note that a mild increase in SGOT and SGPT levels does not always indicate a serious health issue. However, significant or persistent increases should be further evaluated by a doctor to determine the cause and appropriate management.

Doctors will analyze these test results alongside the patient’s overall health, including symptoms, medical history, and other tests. If abnormalities are found, the doctor may recommend additional tests or further examinations to diagnose the underlying cause.

Tips for Reducing SGOT and SGPT Levels

If test results show elevated SGOT and SGPT levels, several steps can be taken to reduce them, including:

  • Avoiding alcohol consumption
  • Maintaining an ideal body weight
  • Eating a healthy and balanced diet
  • Exercising regularly
  • Avoiding medications that can damage the liver
  • Managing stress effectively
  • Controlling blood sugar and cholesterol levels
  • Considering liver health-supporting supplements as advised by a doctor

When Should SGOT and SGPT Tests Be Performed?

SGOT and SGPT tests are typically recommended in the following situations:

  • As part of a routine health examination
  • When symptoms suggest liver disorders, such as upper right abdominal pain, yellowing of the skin or eyes, or unexplained fatigue
  • To monitor the side effects of certain medications on liver function
  • In patients with a history of liver disease or high risk factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, obesity, or diabetes
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of ongoing liver disease treatments

It is important to consult with a doctor before undergoing SGOT and SGPT tests. The doctor will determine whether these tests are necessary based on individual health conditions.

A good understanding of SGOT and SGPT can help us take better care of our liver health. If test results show an increase, do not hesitate to consult with a doctor for further evaluation and appropriate management.

If you wish to ensure liver health with accurate liver function testing, Tirta Medical Centre (TMC) is the best choice in Indonesia.

We provide SGOT and SGPT testing services with modern facilities and professional medical staff ready to assist you and your family.

Using the latest technology, we guarantee quick and accurate liver function test results with our Medical Check Up Package at Tirta Medical Centre. Contact TMC for inquiries or reservations here:

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